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European Union

The three verdicts below apply to promoting platforms to people living in European Union. This is a directional summary, not legal advice.

Crypto exchange

Do not

Under MiCA (Regulation (EU) 2023/1114) only authorised crypto-asset service providers may serve EU clients. ESMA's reverse-solicitation guidelines expressly list as prohibited solicitation: geo-targeted advertising, EU-language websites, EU-targeted SEO, use of influencers, exchange logos or backlinks on EU affiliate websites, and reviews even without a contract.

US stock broker

Conditional

MiFID II-authorised entities only.

Forex / CFD

Conditional

ESMA leverage caps and bonus bans apply.